ion-textarea

scoped

The textarea component is used for multi-line text input. A native textarea element is rendered inside of the component. The user experience and interactivity of the textarea component is improved by having control over the native textarea.

Unlike the native textarea element, the Ionic textarea does not support loading its value from the inner content. The textarea value should be set in the value attribute.

The textarea component accepts the native textarea attributes in addition to the Ionic properties.

Basic Usage

Labels

Labels should be used to describe the textarea. They can be used visually, and they will also be read out by screen readers when the user is focused on the textarea. This makes it easy for the user to understand the intent of the textarea. Textarea has several ways to assign a label:

• label property: used for plaintext labels
• label slot: used for custom HTML labels (experimental)
• aria-label: used to provide a label for screen readers but adds no visible label

Label Placement

Labels will take up the width of their content by default. Developers can use the labelPlacement property to control how the label is placed relative to the control.

Label Slot (experimental)

While plaintext labels should be passed in via the label property, if custom HTML is needed, it can be passed through the label slot instead.

Note that this feature is considered experimental because it relies on a simulated version of Web Component slots. As a result, the simulated behavior may not exactly match the native slot behavior.

No Visible Label

If no visible label is needed, developers should still supply an aria-label so the textarea is accessible to screen readers.

Filled Textareas

Material Design offers filled styles for a textarea. The fill property on the item can be set to either "solid" or "outline".

Since the fill styles visually defines the textarea container, textareas that use fill should not be used in ion-item.

Filled textareas can be used on iOS by setting Textarea's mode to md.

Helper & Error Text

Helper and error text can be used inside of a textarea with the helperText and errorText property. The error text will not be displayed unless the ion-invalid and ion-touched classes are added to the ion-textarea. This ensures errors are not shown before the user has a chance to enter data.

In Angular, this is done automatically through form validation. In JavaScript, React and Vue, the class needs to be manually added based on your own validation.

Textarea Counter

The textarea counter is text that displays under a textarea to notify the user of how many characters have been entered out of the total that the textarea will accept. When adding counter, the default behavior is to format the value that gets displayed as inputLength / maxLength. This behavior can be customized by passing in a formatter function to the counterFormatter property.

Autogrow

When the autoGrow property is set to true, the textarea will grow and shrink based on its contents.

Clear on Edit

Setting the clearOnEdit property to true will clear the textarea after it has been blurred and then typed in again.

Migrating from Legacy Textarea Syntax

A simpler textarea syntax was introduced in Ionic 7.0. This new syntax reduces the boilerplate required to setup an textarea, resolves accessibility issues, and improves the developer experience.

Developers can perform this migration one textarea at a time. While developers can continue using the legacy syntax, we recommend migrating as soon as possible.

Using the Modern Syntax

Using the modern syntax involves three steps:

1. Remove ion-label and use the label property on ion-textarea instead. The placement of the label can be configured using the labelPlacement property on ion-textarea.
2. Move textarea-specific properties from ion-item on to ion-textarea. This includes the counter, counterFormatter, fill, and shape properties.
3. Remove usages of the helper and error slots on ion-item and use the helperText and errorText properties on ion-textarea instead.

JavaScript

<!-- Label and Label Position -->

<!-- Before -->
<ion-item>
  <ion-label position="floating">Label:</ion-label>
  <ion-textarea></ion-textarea>
</ion-item>

<!-- After -->
<ion-item>
  <ion-textarea label="Label:" label-placement="floating"></ion-textarea>
</ion-item>


<!-- Fill -->

<!-- Before -->
<ion-item fill="outline" shape="round">
  <ion-label position="floating">Label:</ion-label>
  <ion-textarea></ion-textarea>
</ion-item>

<!-- After -->

<!-- Textareas using `fill` should not be placed in ion-item -->
<ion-textarea fill="outline" shape="round" label="Label:" label-placement="floating"></ion-textarea>

<!-- Textarea-specific features on ion-item -->

<!-- Before -->
<ion-item counter="true">
  <ion-label position="floating">Label:</ion-label>
  <ion-textarea maxlength="100"></ion-textarea>
  <div slot="helper">Enter text</div>
  <div slot="error">Please enter text</div>
</ion-item>

<!-- After -->

<!--
  Metadata such as counters and helper text should not
  be used when a textarea is in an item/list. If you need to
  provide more context on a textarea, consider using an ion-note
  underneath the ion-list.
-->

<ion-textarea
  label="Label:"
  counter="true"
  maxlength="100"
  helper-text="Enter text"
  error-text="Please enter text"
></ion-textarea>

Angular

<!-- Label and Label Position -->

<!-- Before -->
<ion-item>
  <ion-label position="floating">Label:</ion-label>
  <ion-textarea></ion-textarea>
</ion-item>

<!-- After -->
<ion-item>
  <ion-textarea label="Label:" labelPlacement="floating"></ion-textarea>
</ion-item>


<!-- Fill -->

<!-- Before -->
<ion-item fill="outline" shape="round">
  <ion-label position="floating">Label:</ion-label>
  <ion-textarea></ion-textarea>
</ion-item>

<!-- After -->

<!-- Textareas using `fill` should not be placed in ion-item -->
<ion-textarea fill="outline" shape="round" label="Label:" labelPlacement="floating"></ion-textarea>

<!-- Textarea-specific features on ion-item -->

<!-- Before -->
<ion-item [counter]="true">
  <ion-label position="floating">Label:</ion-label>
  <ion-textarea maxlength="100"></ion-textarea>
  <div slot="helper">Enter text</div>
  <div slot="error">Please enter text</div>
</ion-item>

<!-- After -->

<!--
  Metadata such as counters and helper text should not
  be used when a textarea is in an item/list. If you need to
  provide more context on a textarea, consider using an ion-note
  underneath the ion-list.
-->

<ion-textarea
  label="Label:"
  [counter]="true"
  maxlength="100"
  helperText="Enter text"
  errorText="Please enter text"
></ion-textarea>

React

{/* Label and Label Position */}

{/* Before */}
<IonItem>
  <IonLabel position="floating">Label:</IonLabel>
  <IonTextarea></IonTextarea>
</IonItem>

{/* After */}
<IonItem>
  <IonTextarea label="Label:" labelPlacement="floating"></IonTextarea>
</IonItem>


{/* Fill */}

{/* Before */}
<IonItem fill="outline" shape="round">
  <IonLabel position="floating">Label:</IonLabel>
  <IonTextarea></IonTextarea>
</IonItem>

{/* After */}

{/* Textareas using `fill` should not be placed in IonItem */}
<IonTextarea fill="outline" shape="round" label="Label:" labelPlacement="floating"></IonTextarea>

{/* Textarea-specific features on IonItem */}

{/* Before */}
<IonItem counter={true}>
  <IonLabel position="floating">Label:</IonLabel>
  <IonTextarea maxlength="100"></IonTextarea>
  <div slot="helper">Enter text</div>
  <div slot="error">Please enter text</div>
</IonItem>

{/* After */}

{/*
  Metadata such as counters and helper text should not
  be used when a textarea is in an item/list. If you need to
  provide more context on a textarea, consider using an IonNote
  underneath the IonList.
*/}

<IonTextarea
  label="Label:"
  counter={true}
  maxlength="100"
  helperText="Enter text"
  errorText="Please enter text"
></IonTextarea>

Vue

<!-- Label and Label Position -->

<!-- Before -->
<ion-item>
  <ion-label position="floating">Label:</ion-label>
  <ion-textarea></ion-textarea>
</ion-item>

<!-- After -->
<ion-item>
  <ion-textarea label="Label:" label-placement="floating"></ion-textarea>
</ion-item>


<!-- Fill -->

<!-- Before -->
<ion-item fill="outline" shape="round">
  <ion-label position="floating">Label:</ion-label>
  <ion-textarea></ion-textarea>
</ion-item>

<!-- After -->

<!-- Textareas using `fill` should not be placed in ion-item -->
<ion-textarea fill="outline" shape="round" label="Label:" label-placement="floating"></ion-textarea>

<!-- Textarea-specific features on ion-item -->

<!-- Before -->
<ion-item :counter="true">
  <ion-label position="floating">Label:</ion-label>
  <ion-textarea maxlength="100"></ion-textarea>
  <div slot="helper">Enter text</div>
  <div slot="error">Please enter text</div>
</ion-item>

<!-- After -->

<!--
  Metadata such as counters and helper text should not
  be used when a textarea is in an item/list. If you need to
  provide more context on a textarea, consider using an ion-note
  underneath the ion-list.
-->

<ion-textarea
  label="Label:"
  :counter="true"
  maxlength="100"
  helper-text="Enter text"
  error-text="Please enter text"
></ion-textarea>

Using the Legacy Syntax

Ionic uses heuristics to detect if an app is using the modern textarea syntax. In some instances, it may be preferable to continue using the legacy syntax. Developers can set the legacy property on ion-textarea to true to force that instance of the textarea to use the legacy syntax.

Theming

Interfaces

TextareaChangeEventDetail

interface TextareaChangeEventDetail {
  value?: string | null;
}

TextareaCustomEvent

While not required, this interface can be used in place of the CustomEvent interface for stronger typing with Ionic events emitted from this component.

interface TextareaCustomEvent extends CustomEvent {
  detail: TextareaChangeEventDetail;
  target: HTMLIonTextareaElement;
}

Properties

autoGrow

Description	If true, the textarea container will grow and shrink based on the contents of the textarea.
Attribute	auto-grow
Type	boolean
Default	false

autocapitalize

Description	Indicates whether and how the text value should be automatically capitalized as it is entered/edited by the user. Available options: "off", "none", "on", "sentences", "words", "characters".
Attribute	autocapitalize
Type	string
Default	'none'

autofocus

Description	Sets the autofocus attribute on the native input element. This may not be sufficient for the element to be focused on page load. See managing focus for more information.
Attribute	autofocus
Type	boolean
Default	false

clearOnEdit

Description	true`の場合、編集時にフォーカスが当たった後、値がクリアされる。
Attribute	clear-on-edit
Type	boolean
Default	false

color

Description	The color to use from your application's color palette. Default options are: "primary", "secondary", "tertiary", "success", "warning", "danger", "light", "medium", and "dark". For more information on colors, see theming.
Attribute	color
Type	"danger" ｜ "dark" ｜ "light" ｜ "medium" ｜ "primary" ｜ "secondary" ｜ "success" ｜ "tertiary" ｜ "warning" ｜ string ｜ undefined
Default	undefined

cols

Description	テキストコントロールの可視幅を、平均文字幅で指定します。指定する場合は、正の整数である必要があります。
Attribute	cols
Type	number ｜ undefined
Default	undefined

counter

Description	If true, a character counter will display the ratio of characters used and the total character limit. Developers must also set the maxlength property for the counter to be calculated correctly.
Attribute	counter
Type	boolean
Default	false

counterFormatter

Description	A callback used to format the counter text. By default the counter text is set to "itemLength / maxLength". See https://ionicframework.com/docs/troubleshooting/runtime#accessing-this if you need to access this from within the callback.
Attribute	undefined
Type	((inputLength: number, maxLength: number) => string) ｜ undefined
Default	undefined

debounce

Description	キーを押すたびに ionInput イベントが発生するまでの待ち時間をミリ秒単位で設定します。
Attribute	debounce
Type	number ｜ undefined
Default	undefined

disabled

Description	trueの場合、ユーザはテキストエリアと対話することができません。
Attribute	disabled
Type	boolean
Default	false

enterkeyhint

Description	A hint to the browser for which enter key to display. Possible values: "enter", "done", "go", "next", "previous", "search", and "send".
Attribute	enterkeyhint
Type	"done" ｜ "enter" ｜ "go" ｜ "next" ｜ "previous" ｜ "search" ｜ "send" ｜ undefined
Default	undefined

errorText

Description	テキストエリアの下に配置され、エラーが検出されたときに表示されるテキストです。
Attribute	error-text
Type	string ｜ undefined
Default	undefined

fill

Description	The fill for the item. If "solid" the item will have a background. If "outline" the item will be transparent with a border. Only available in md mode.
Attribute	fill
Type	"outline" ｜ "solid" ｜ undefined
Default	undefined

helperText

Description	textareaの下に配置され、エラーが検出されなかった場合に表示されるテキストです。
Attribute	helper-text
Type	string ｜ undefined
Default	undefined

inputmode

Description	A hint to the browser for which keyboard to display. Possible values: "none", "text", "tel", "url", "email", "numeric", "decimal", and "search".
Attribute	inputmode
Type	"decimal" ｜ "email" ｜ "none" ｜ "numeric" ｜ "search" ｜ "tel" ｜ "text" ｜ "url" ｜ undefined
Default	undefined

label

Description	The visible label associated with the textarea. Use this if you need to render a plaintext label. The label property will take priority over the label slot if both are used.
Attribute	label
Type	string ｜ undefined
Default	undefined

labelPlacement

Description	Where to place the label relative to the textarea. "start": The label will appear to the left of the textarea in LTR and to the right in RTL. "end": The label will appear to the right of the textarea in LTR and to the left in RTL. "floating": The label will appear smaller and above the textarea when the textarea is focused or it has a value. Otherwise it will appear on top of the textarea. "stacked": The label will appear smaller and above the textarea regardless even when the textarea is blurred or has no value. "fixed": The label has the same behavior as "start" except it also has a fixed width. Long text will be truncated with ellipses ("...").
Attribute	label-placement
Type	"end" ｜ "fixed" ｜ "floating" ｜ "stacked" ｜ "start"
Default	'start'

legacy

Description	Set the legacy property to true to forcibly use the legacy form control markup. Ionic will only opt components in to the modern form markup when they are using either the aria-label attribute or the default slot that contains the label text. As a result, the legacy property should only be used as an escape hatch when you want to avoid this automatic opt-in behavior. Note that this property will be removed in an upcoming major release of Ionic, and all form components will be opted-in to using the modern form markup.
Attribute	legacy
Type	boolean ｜ undefined
Default	undefined

maxlength

Description	この属性は、ユーザが入力できる最大文字数を指定します。
Attribute	maxlength
Type	number ｜ undefined
Default	undefined

minlength

Description	この属性は、ユーザーが入力できる最小の文字数を指定します。
Attribute	minlength
Type	number ｜ undefined
Default	undefined

mode

Description	modeは、どのプラットフォームのスタイルを使用するかを決定します。
Attribute	mode
Type	"ios" ｜ "md"
Default	undefined

name

Description	フォームデータとともに送信されるコントロールの名前。
Attribute	name
Type	string
Default	this.inputId

placeholder

Description	入力が値を持つ前に表示される指示文。
Attribute	placeholder
Type	string ｜ undefined
Default	undefined

readonly

Description	trueの場合、ユーザーは値を変更することができません。
Attribute	readonly
Type	boolean
Default	false

required

Description	trueの場合、ユーザーはフォームを送信する前に値を入力する必要があります。
Attribute	required
Type	boolean
Default	false

rows

Description	コントロールの可視テキスト行数。
Attribute	rows
Type	number ｜ undefined
Default	undefined

shape

Description	テキストエリアの形状を指定します。round "の場合、ボーダーの半径が大きくなります。
Attribute	shape
Type	"round" ｜ undefined
Default	undefined

spellcheck

Description	trueの場合、その要素のスペルチェックと文法チェックが行われる。
Attribute	spellcheck
Type	boolean
Default	false

value

Description	textareaの値です。
Attribute	value
Type	null ｜ string ｜ undefined
Default	''

wrap

Description	コントロールがテキストをどのように折り返すかを示します。
Attribute	wrap
Type	"hard" ｜ "off" ｜ "soft" ｜ undefined
Default	undefined

Events

Name	Description	Bubbles
ionBlur	Inputのフォーカスが外れたときに発行されます。	true
ionChange	The ionChange event is fired when the user modifies the textarea's value. Unlike the ionInput event, the ionChange event is fired when the element loses focus after its value has been modified.	true
ionFocus	Inputにフォーカスが当たったときに発行されます。	true
ionInput	The ionInput event is fired each time the user modifies the textarea's value. Unlike the ionChange event, the ionInput event is fired for each alteration to the textarea's value. This typically happens for each keystroke as the user types. When clearOnEdit is enabled, the ionInput event will be fired when the user clears the textarea by performing a keydown event.	true

Methods

getInputElement

Description	要素の内部で使用されるネイティブの <textarea> 要素を返します。
Signature	getInputElement() => Promise<HTMLTextAreaElement>

setFocus

Description	Sets focus on the native textarea in ion-textarea. Use this method instead of the global textarea.focus(). See managing focus for more information.
Signature	setFocus() => Promise<void>

CSS Shadow Parts

No CSS shadow parts available for this component.

CSS Custom Properties

Name	Description
--background	textareaの背景
--border-color	ヘルパーテキスト、エラーテキスト、カウンターを使用する場合のテキストエリア下のボーダーの色
--border-radius	テキストエリアの境界半径
--border-style	ヘルパーテキスト、エラーテキスト、カウンター使用時のテキストエリア下のボーダーのスタイル
--border-width	ヘルパーテキスト、エラーテキスト、カウンターを使用する場合のテキストエリア下のボーダーの幅
--color	本文の色
--highlight-color-focused	フォーカスされたときのテキストエリアのハイライトの色
--highlight-color-invalid	無効時のテキストエリア上のハイライトの色
--highlight-color-valid	有効時のテキストエリアのハイライトの色
--padding-bottom	テキストエリアのBottom Padding
--padding-end	テキストエリアの方向が左から右の場合はRight Padding、右から左の場合はLeft Paddingを使用します。
--padding-start	textareaの方向が左から右の場合はLeft Padding、右から左の場合はRight Padding。
--padding-top	textareaのTop Padding
--placeholder-color	Placeholderテキストの色
--placeholder-font-style	Placeholderテキストのスタイル
--placeholder-font-weight	Placeholderテキストの重さ
--placeholder-opacity	Placeholderテキストの不透明度

Slots

Name	Description
end	textarea の末尾に表示する内容。(実験的)
label	テキストエリアに関連付けるラベルテキスト。labelPlacement`プロパティを使用して、textareaに対するラベルの位置を制御する。ラベルをカスタム HTML でレンダリングする必要がある場合に使用します。(実験的)
start	textarea の前端に表示する内容。(実験的)